集成测试

集成测试的重点是验证组件在与系统中的其他组件交互时的行为。因此，集成测试通常与主要组件分开构建，并且可以将被测组件和其他依赖项声明为子项。根据测试的性质，依赖项组件可以作为模拟对象或桩提供，以确保测试用例保持封闭状态。

测试组成部分

以下是一个简单集成测试组件的组件清单示例：

Rust

meta/integration_tests.cml：

{
    include: [
        "syslog/client.shard.cml",
        "//src/sys/test_runners/rust/default.shard.cml",
    ],
    program: {
        binary: "bin/client_test",
    },
    children: [
        {
            name: "service",
            url: "fuchsia-pkg://fuchsia.com/foo-package-tests#meta/mock_service.cm",
        },
        {
            name: "client",
            url: "fuchsia-pkg://fuchsia.com/foo-package-tests#meta/foo_client.cm",
        },
    ],
    offer: [
        {
            protocol: "fuchsia.example.Foo",
            from: "#service",
            to: [ "#client" ],
        },
    ],
}

C++

meta/integration_tests.cml：

{
    include: [
        "syslog/client.shard.cml",
        "//src/sys/test_runners/gtest/default.shard.cml",
    ],
    program: {
        binary: "bin/client_test",
    },
    children: [
        {
            name: "service",
            url: "fuchsia-pkg://fuchsia.com/foo-package-tests#meta/mock_service.cm",
        },
        {
            name: "client",
            url: "fuchsia-pkg://fuchsia.com/foo-package-tests#meta/foo_client.cm",
        },
    ],
    offer: [
        {
            protocol: "fuchsia.example.Foo",
            from: "#service",
            to: [ "#client" ],
        },
    ],
}

此测试组件声明包含以下关键元素：

  1. 必要的特定语言测试运行程序分片的 include。这样一来，测试管理器便可正确执行测试套件。
  2. 将被测组件和依赖组件列为 children。
  3. 在测试领域的组件之间路由所需功能。

Fuchsia 构建系统为集成测试等不同的测试组件提供了 fuchsia_test_package() GN 目标。借助此规则，您可以将包含测试的组件与作为依赖项的必需组件分开声明，并描述测试应运行的目标设备环境。

以下示例展示了如何将上述集成测试添加到 BUILD.gn 文件中：

import("//build/components.gni")
...

// Component under test
fuchsia_component("foo_client") {
  deps = [ ... ]
  manifest = "meta/foo_client.cml"
}

// Test dependencies
fuchsia_component("mock_service") {
  deps = [ ... ]
  manifest = "meta/mock_service.cml"
  testonly = true
}

// Component containing integration tests
fuchsia_component("integration_tests") {
  deps = [ ":bin_test" ]
  manifest = "meta/integration_tests.cml"
  testonly = true
}

fuchsia_test_package("hello-world-tests") {
  test_components = [ ":integration_tests" ]
  deps = [
    ":foo_client",
    ":mock_service",
  ]
}

练习：Echo 服务器集成测试

在本练习中，您将添加一个集成测试组件，以便使用测试运行器框架来调用 echo_server 组件的 FIDL 协议接口，并在 FEMU 环境中运行这些测试。

添加集成测试组件

首先，在 //vendor/fuchsia-codelab 目录中为名为 echo-integration 的新集成测试组件创建项目框架：

mkdir -p vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-integration

在新项目目录中创建以下文件和目录结构：

Rust

echo-integration
  |- BUILD.gn
  |- meta
  |   |- echo_integration.cml
  |
  |- src
      |- lib.rs
  • BUILD.gn：测试二进制文件、组件和软件包的 GN build 目标。
  • meta/echo_integration.cml：用于声明受测组件及其功能的清单。
  • src/lib.rs：Rust 集成测试的源代码。

C++

echo-integration
  |- BUILD.gn
  |- meta
  |   |- echo_integration.cml
  |
  |- echo_integration_test.cc
  • BUILD.gn：测试二进制文件、组件和软件包的 GN build 目标。
  • meta/echo_integration.cml：用于声明受测组件及其功能的清单。
  • echo_integration_test.cc：C++ 集成测试的源代码。

更新测试组件清单

测试组件的清单会应用基准依赖项，例如 test_runners。更新 echo_integration.cml 文件，将 echo-server 组件声明为子组件，并将 Echo 协议功能路由到测试组件。

Rust

echo-integration/meta/echo_integration.cml：

{
    include: [
        "//src/sys/test_runners/rust/default.shard.cml",
        "syslog/client.shard.cml",
    ],

    // Information about the program to run.
    program: {
        // The binary to run for this component.
        binary: "bin/echo_integration_test",
    },


    // Child components orchestrated by the integration test.
    children: [
        {
            name: "echo_server",
            url: "#meta/echo_server.cm",
        },
    ],

    // Capabilities used by this component.
    use: [
        {
            protocol: [ "fidl.examples.routing.echo.Echo" ],
            from: "#echo_server",
        },
    ],

    // Capabilities required by components under test.
    offer: [
        {
            dictionary: "diagnostics",
            from: "parent",
            to: "#echo_server",
        },
    ],
}

C++

echo-integration/meta/echo_integration.cml：

{
    include: [
        "//src/sys/test_runners/gtest/default.shard.cml",
        "inspect/offer.shard.cml",
        "syslog/client.shard.cml",
    ],

    // Information about the program to run.
    program: {
        // The binary to run for this component.
        binary: "bin/echo_integration_test",
    },


    // Child components orchestrated by the integration test.
    children: [
        {
            name: "echo_server",
            url: "#meta/echo_server.cm",
        },
    ],

    // Capabilities used by this component.
    use: [
        {
            protocol: [ "fidl.examples.routing.echo.Echo" ],
            from: "#echo_server",
        },
    ],
}

请注意，echo-server 实例来自与集成测试相同的软件包。此做法通过避免依赖于其他软件包中的组件，促进了密封测试软件包的开发。

实现集成测试

集成测试会与 echo-server 公开的 Echo 协议连接，方法与客户端组件相同，发送字符串请求，并验证预期响应。

添加以下代码以实现集成测试：

Rust

echo-integration/src/lib.rs：

use anyhow::Error;
use fidl_fidl_examples_routing_echo as fecho;
use fuchsia_component::client;

#[fuchsia::test]
async fn echo_integration_test() -> Result<(), Error> {
    const ECHO_STRING: &str = "Hello, world!";

    let echo = client::connect_to_protocol::<fecho::EchoMarker>()
        .expect("error connecting to echo server");
    let out = echo.echo_string(Some(ECHO_STRING)).await.expect("echo_string failed");

    assert_eq!(ECHO_STRING, out.unwrap());
    Ok(())
}

C++

echo-integration/echo_integration_test.cc：

#include <fidl/examples/routing/echo/cpp/fidl.h>
#include <lib/fidl/cpp/string.h>
#include <lib/sys/cpp/component_context.h>

#include <string>

#include <gtest/gtest.h>

TEST(EchoIntegrationTest, TestEcho) {
  ::fidl::examples::routing::echo::EchoSyncPtr echo_proxy;
  auto context = sys::ComponentContext::Create();
  context->svc()->Connect(echo_proxy.NewRequest());

  ::fidl::StringPtr request("Hello, world!");
  ::fidl::StringPtr response = nullptr;
  ASSERT_TRUE(echo_proxy->EchoString(request, &response) == ZX_OK);
  ASSERT_TRUE(request == response);
}

将以下 build 规则添加到 BUILD.gn 文件中，以构建和打包集成测试组件以及 Echo 服务器依赖项：

Rust

echo-integration/BUILD.gn：

import("//build/components.gni")
import("//build/rust/rustc_test.gni")


rustc_test("bin") {
  name = "echo-integration-test"
  edition = "2021"

  deps = [
    "//vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-fidl:echo_rust",
    "//src/lib/fuchsia",
    "//src/lib/fuchsia-component",
    "//third_party/rust_crates:anyhow",
  ]

  sources = [ "src/lib.rs" ]
}

fuchsia_component("component") {
  testonly = true
  component_name = "echo_integration"
  manifest = "meta/echo_integration.cml"
  deps = [ ":bin" ]
}

fuchsia_test_package("tests") {
  package_name = "echo-integration-tests"
  test_components = [ ":component" ]
  deps =
      [ "//vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-server:component" ]
}

C++

echo-integration/BUILD.gn：

import("//build/components.gni")


executable("bin") {
  output_name = "echo-integration-test"
  sources = [ "echo_integration_test.cc" ]
  deps = [
    "//vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-fidl:echo_hlcpp",
    "//sdk/lib/async-loop:async-loop-cpp",
    "//sdk/lib/async-loop:async-loop-default",
    "//sdk/lib/sys/cpp",
    "//sdk/lib/sys/cpp/testing:unit",
    "//src/lib/fxl/test:gtest_main",
    "//third_party/googletest:gtest",
  ]
  testonly = true
}

fuchsia_component("component") {
  testonly = true
  component_name = "echo_integration"
  manifest = "meta/echo_integration.cml"
  deps = [ ":bin" ]
}

fuchsia_test_package("tests") {
  package_name = "echo-integration-tests"
  test_components = [ ":component" ]
  deps =
      [ "//vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-server:component" ]
}

更新 build 配置

将集成测试软件包添加到 build 配置中：

fx set workstation_eng.x64 \
    --with //vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-server \
    --with //vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-client \
    --with //vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-realm \
    --with //vendor/fuchsia-codelab/echo-integration:tests

运行 fx build 并验证构建是否已成功完成：

fx build

运行集成测试

fuchsia_test_package() 规则会生成包含测试组件及其依赖项的软件包。集成测试组件具有以下网址：

fuchsia-pkg://fuchsia.com/echo-integration-tests#meta/echo_integration.cm

使用 ffx test 命令执行集成测试。验证测试是否通过：

ffx test run \
    fuchsia-pkg://fuchsia.com/echo-integration-tests#meta/echo_integration.cm
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