This page provides examples of different FIDL types and how they are instantiated and used in Python.
Most of the examples focus on how types are translated from FIDL to Python. If you would like to learn about implementng FIDL servers or handling async code, check out the tutorial or the async Python best practices page.
Bits and Enum types
Both bits and enum types are represented the same in Python, so this example works for both.
FIDL
library test.bits;
type MyBits = strict bits : uint32 {
MY_FIRST_BIT = 1;
MY_OTHER_BIT = 2;
// check for any collisions between the bitmask and a "mask" member
MASK = 4;
};
Python
import fidl_test_bits
a = fidl_test_bits.MyBits.MY_FIRST_BIT
b = fidl_test_bits.MyBits(0b10)
c = fidl_test_bits.MyBits(0b10000101)
print(f"{a!r}")
print(f"{b!r}")
print(f"{c!r}")
This Python code above prints the following output:
<MyBits.MY_FIRST_BIT: 1>
<MyBits.MY_OTHER_BIT: 2>
<MyBits.MY_FIRST_BIT|MASK|128: 133>
Struct types
In Python, size limits are not enforced during construction, so if you were to make a struct with an overly long string, for example, the example below would not create an error for the user until attempting to encode the struct to bytes. This goes for other composited structures as well, such as tables and unions.
FIDL
library test.struct;
type Simple = struct {
f1 uint8;
f2 bool;
};
type BasicStruct = struct {
x uint32;
y string;
};
Python
import fidl_test_struct
d = fidl_test_struct.Simple(f1=5, f2=True)
print(f"{d!r}")
This Python code above prints the following output:
Simple(f1=5, f2=True)
If you were to attempt to construct this type without one of the fields, it would raise a TypeError exception listing which arguments were missing.
Table types
These are identical to struct types but without the strict constructor
requirements. Any fields not supplied to the constructor will be set to None
.
FIDL
library test.table;
type EmptyTable = table {};
type SimpleTable = table {
1: x int64;
5: y int64;
};
Python
import fidl_test_table
e = fidl_test_table.EmptyTable()
f = fidl_test_table.SimpleTable(x=6)
g = fidl_test_table.SimpleTable(y=7)
h = fidl_test_table.SimpleTable()
print(f"{e!r}")
print(f"{f!r}")
print(f"{g!r}")
print(f"{h!r}")
This Python code prints the following output:
EmptyTable()
SimpleTable(x=6, y=None)
SimpleTable(x=None, y=7)
SimpleTable(x=None, y=None)
Union types
These work similar to struct types but only one variant can be specified. A flexible union can support no variant being specified.
FIDL
library test.union;
type Pizza = struct {
toppings vector<string:16>;
};
type Pasta = struct {
sauce string:16;
};
type PizzaOrPasta = strict union {
1: pizza Pizza;
2: pasta Pasta;
};
Python
import fidl_test_union
i = fidl_test_union.PizzaOrPasta(
pizza=fidl_test_union.Pizza(toppings=["pepperoni", "jalapeños"])
)
j = fidl_test_union.PizzaOrPasta(pasta=fidl_test_union.Pasta(sauce="pesto"))
print(f"{i!r}")
print(f"{j!r}")
This Python code prints the following output:
<'PizzaOrPasta' object(pizza=Pizza(toppings=['pepperoni', 'jalapeños']))>
<'PizzaOrPasta' object(pasta=Pasta(sauce='pesto'))>