全新 C++ 繫結執行緒指南

class MyDevice : fidl::AsyncEventHandler<MyProtocol> {
 public:
  MyDevice() {
    client_.Bind(std::move(client_end), dispatcher, /* event_handler */ this);
  }

  void on_fidl_error(fidl::UnbindInfo error) {
    // Handle errors...
  }

  void DoThing() {
    // Capture |this| such that the |MyDevice| instance may be accessed
    // in the callback. This is safe because destroying |client_| silently
    // discards all pending callbacks registered through |Then|.
    client_->Foo(args).Then([this] (fidl::Result<Foo>&) { ... });
  }

 private:
  fidl::Client<MyProtocol> client_;
};

void MyDevice::DoOtherThing() {
  // Incorrect:
  client_->Foo(request).ThenExactlyOnce([this] (fidl::Result<Foo>& result) {
    // If |MyDevice| is destroyed, this pending callback will still run.
    // The captured |this| pointer will be invalid.
  });

  // Correct:
  client_->Foo(request).Then([this] (fidl::Result<Foo>& result) {
    // The callback is silently dropped if |client_| is destroyed.
  });
}

class MyServer : public fidl::Server<FooProtocol> {
 public:
  void FooMethod(FooMethodRequest& request, FooMethodCompleter::Sync& completer) override {
    bar_.client->Bar().ThenExactlyOnce(
        [completer = completer.ToAsync()] (fidl::Result<Bar>& result) {
          if (!result.is_ok()) {
            completer.Reply(result.error_value().status());
            return;
          }
          // ... more processing
        });
  }

 private:
  struct BarManager {
    fidl::Client<BarProtocol> client;
    /* Other internal state... */
  };

  std::unique_ptr<BarManager> bar_;
};

void OwnedEventHandler(async_dispatcher_t* dispatcher, fidl::ClientEnd<Echo> client_end) {
  // Define some blocking futures to maintain a consistent sequence of events
  // for the purpose of this example. Production code usually won't need these.
  std::promise<void> teardown;
  std::future<void> teardown_complete = teardown.get_future();
  std::promise<void> reply;
  std::future<void> got_reply = reply.get_future();

  // Define the event handler for the client. The event handler is always
  // placed in a |std::unique_ptr| in the owned event handler pattern.
  // When the |EventHandler| is destroyed, we know that binding teardown
  // has completed.
  class EventHandler : public fidl::AsyncEventHandler<Echo> {
   public:
    explicit EventHandler(std::promise<void>& teardown, std::promise<void>& reply)
        : teardown_(teardown), reply_(reply) {}

    void on_fidl_error(fidl::UnbindInfo error) override {
      // This handler is invoked by the bindings when an error causes it to
      // teardown prematurely. Note that additionally cleanup is typically
      // performed in the destructor of the event handler, since both manually
      // initiated teardown and error teardown will destroy the event handler.
      std::cerr << "Error in Echo client: " << error;

      // In this example, we abort the process when an error happens. Production
      // code should handle the error gracefully (by cleanly exiting or attempt
      // to recover).
      abort();
    }

    ~EventHandler() override {
      // Additional cleanup may be performed here.

      // Notify the outer function.
      teardown_.set_value();
    }

    // Regular event handling code is also supported.
    void OnString(fidl::Event<Echo::OnString>& event) override {
      std::string response(event.response().data(), event.response().size());
      std::cout << "Got event: " << response << std::endl;
    }

    void OnEchoStringResponse(fuchsia_examples::EchoEchoStringResponse& response) {
      std::string reply(response.response().data(), response.response().size());
      std::cout << "Got response: " << reply << std::endl;

      if (!notified_reply_) {
        reply_.set_value();
        notified_reply_ = true;
      }
    }

   private:
    std::promise<void>& teardown_;
    std::promise<void>& reply_;
    bool notified_reply_ = false;
  };
  std::unique_ptr handler = std::make_unique<EventHandler>(teardown, reply);
  EventHandler* handler_ptr = handler.get();

  // Create a client that owns the event handler.
  fidl::SharedClient client(std::move(client_end), dispatcher, std::move(handler));

  // Make an EchoString call, passing it a callback that captures the event
  // handler.
  client->EchoString({"hello"}).ThenExactlyOnce(
      [handler_ptr](fidl::Result<Echo::EchoString>& result) {
        ZX_ASSERT(result.is_ok());
        auto& response = result.value();
        handler_ptr->OnEchoStringResponse(response);
      });
  got_reply.wait();

  // Make another call but immediately start binding teardown afterwards.
  // The reply may race with teardown; the callback is always canceled if
  // teardown finishes before a response is received.
  client->EchoString({"hello"}).ThenExactlyOnce(
      [handler_ptr](fidl::Result<Echo::EchoString>& result) {
        if (result.is_ok()) {
          auto& response = result.value();
          handler_ptr->OnEchoStringResponse(response);
        } else {
          // Teardown finished first.
          ZX_ASSERT(result.error_value().is_canceled());
        }
      });

  // Begin tearing down the client.
  // This does not have to happen on the dispatcher thread.
  client.AsyncTeardown();

  teardown_complete.wait();
}

  fidl::SharedClient<Echo> client;

  // Let's say |my_object| is constructed on the heap;
  MyObject* my_object = new MyObject;
  // ... and needs to be freed via `delete`.
  auto observer = fidl::ObserveTeardown([my_object] {
    std::cout << "client is tearing down" << std::endl;
    delete my_object;
  });

  // |my_object| may implement |fidl::AsyncEventHandler<Echo>|.
  // |observer| will be notified and destroy |my_object| after teardown.
  client.Bind(std::move(client_end), dispatcher, my_object, std::move(observer));

  fidl::SharedClient<Echo> client;

  // Let's say |my_object| is always managed by a shared pointer.
  std::shared_ptr<MyObject> my_object = std::make_shared<MyObject>();

  // |my_object| will be kept alive as long as the binding continues
  // to exist. When teardown completes, |my_object| will be destroyed
  // only if there are no other shared references (such as from other
  // related user objects).
  auto observer = fidl::ShareUntilTeardown(my_object);
  client.Bind(std::move(client_end), dispatcher, my_object.get(), std::move(observer));

// |impl| is the pointer to the server implementation.
// |info| contains the reason for binding teardown.
// |server_end| is the server channel endpoint.
// |Protocol| is the type of the FIDL protocol.
void OnUnbound(ServerImpl* impl, fidl::UnbindInfo info,
               fidl::ServerEnd<Protocol> server_end) {
  // If teardown is manually initiated and not due to an error, |info.ok()| will be true.
  if (info.ok())
    return;
  // Handle errors...
}

        // Create an instance of our EchoImpl that destroys itself when the connection closes.
        new EchoImpl(dispatcher, std::move(server_end));

class EchoImpl {
 public:
  // Bind this implementation to a channel.
  EchoImpl(async_dispatcher_t* dispatcher, fidl::ServerEnd<fuchsia_examples::Echo> server_end)
      : binding_(fidl::BindServer(dispatcher, std::move(server_end), this,
                                  // This is a fidl::OnUnboundFn<EchoImpl>.
                                  [this](EchoImpl* impl, fidl::UnbindInfo info,
                                         fidl::ServerEnd<fuchsia_examples::Echo> server_end) {
                                    if (info.is_peer_closed()) {
                                      FX_LOGS(INFO) << "Client disconnected";
                                    } else if (!info.is_user_initiated()) {
                                      FX_LOGS(ERROR) << "Server error: " << info;
                                    }
                                    delete this;
                                  })) {}

  // Later, when the server is shutting down...
  void Shutdown() {
    binding_->Unbind();  // This stops accepting new requests.
    // The server is destroyed asynchronously in the unbound handler.
  }
};